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FAM-CAM: Family Confusion Assessment Method

2012

FAM-CAM is an informant-completed CAM-family case-finding measure that uses a family member's or caregiver's knowledge of recent change.

Classification

Classification

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Tool and original sources

Copyright restrictions mean that a copy of FAM-CAM cannot be provided on this website. Use the official access page below. Google Images may also help you see what the form looks like.

Original and selected diagnostic-accuracy papers

  • Original paperSteis MR, Evans L, Hirschman KB, Hanlon A, Fick DM, Flanagan N, et al. Screening for delirium using family caregivers: convergent validity of the Family Confusion Assessment Method and interviewer-rated Confusion Assessment Method. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2012;60(11):2121-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04200.x. PMID: 23039310.

    This paper reports the original validation of FAM-CAM. It is the main source for the method, its intended use and the evidence available at publication.

  • Selected diagnostic-accuracy studyFiest KM, Krewulak KD, Ely EW, Davidson JE, Ismail Z, Sept BG, et al. Partnering With Family Members to Detect Delirium in Critically Ill Patients. Critical care medicine. 2020;48(7):954-961. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000004367. PMID: 32332281.

    This diagnostic-accuracy study evaluated FAM-CAM in large tertiary-care academic adult ICU against an independent DSM-5 clinical assessment. It reported sensitivity of 54.1% and specificity of 76.8% in 147 ICU patient-family dyads.

  • Selected diagnostic-accuracy studyMartins S, Conceição F, Paiva JA, Simões MR, Fernandes L. Delirium recognition by family: European Portuguese validation study of the family confusion assessment method. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2014;62(9):1748-52. doi: 10.1111/jgs.12973. PMID: 25039562.

    This diagnostic-accuracy study evaluated FAM-CAM in intermediate-care unit in a Portuguese tertiary hospital against a DSM-IV-TR clinical assessment. It reported sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 91% in 40 family members or caregivers of older hospitalised adults.

Multiple DTA studies identifiedCore instrument family

At a glance

Purpose
Episodic assessment
Population
Adult
Setting
General / acute hospital, Long-term / care home
Time
variable
Items
11
Score or threshold
CAM-family informant classification; see the authorised form.

Format: An 11-item informant measure covering recent change and CAM-related clinical domains. The questions, response options, weights and decision rule are not reproduced here.

  • Strengths: Family-informant detection incl. with pre-existing impairment
  • Limitations: Small validation; not standalone diagnosis

Evidence

Evidence maturityMultiple DTA studies identified

Reported sensitivity and specificity

88%
Sensitivity
98%
Specificity

Convergent validity, n=52 dyads.

More evidence and citation details
Full name
Family Confusion Assessment Method
Also known as
FAM-CAM
Evidence summary
multi
Diagnostic-accuracy studies
8
Reference standard
Interviewer CAM
Reliability
κ 0.85
Citation
Steis MR, Evans L, Hirschman KB, Hanlon A, Fick DM, Flanagan N, Inouye SK Screening for delirium using family caregivers: convergent validity of the Family Confusion Assessment Method and interviewer-rated Confusion Assessment Method Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2012;60(11):2121-6. PMID 23039310
Copyright and reuse
Version
Use the current FAM-CAM supplied by the author-led resource page
Rights holder
Hospital Elder Life Program (copyright); Aging Brain Center (permissions administrator)
Licence
ALL-RIGHTS-RESERVED-PERMISSION-REQUIRED
Information checked
2026-07-19

Instrument-specific terms apply. See the access and copyright policy or send a correction.

Sources checked 2026-07-29. How profiles are prepared.